{"id":13153,"date":"2023-03-16T09:24:26","date_gmt":"2023-03-16T09:24:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/?p=13153"},"modified":"2025-03-25T09:36:31","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T09:36:31","slug":"structural-repairs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/","title":{"rendered":"Wall Ties and other Structural Repairs – A look at some of the methods of using wall ties for structural repairs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The British Standard for wall ties \u2013 BS1243 was introduced in 1945 and was a \u2018prescriptive\u2019 standard \u2013 ie all ties had to conform to the approved design of the time, and the \u2018butterfly\u2019, \u2018double triangle\u2019 and \u2018fish-tail\u2019 were born. For cost saving, these were made from galvanised mild steel and it was only in the late 1990s that manufacturers applied for a relaxation in the \u2018design\u2019 element of the standard (DD140), so they could produce a competitively priced wall tie in stainless steel. At this time, in the worst cases of exposure and aggressive mortars, some mild steel ties were found to be corroding at an alarming rate of between 13-26 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over 30 years ago, Professor Malcom Hollis calculated that over 12m cavity wall houses in the UK could be affected by wall tie corrosion<\/a><\/strong> to galvanised mild steel ties and, as a result, the \u2018Preservation Industry\u2019 has developed various neat and effective solutions to replace these ties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Initially, these were \u2018mechanical expanding anchors\u2019 to tie both leaves of the wall back together again, or \u2018resin ties\u2019 where resin was used to bond both ends of a stainless steel tie to the masonry. Lately, drive ties, where an 8mm diameter helical anchor<\/a><\/strong> is forced into a 6mm diameter hole, are the norm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lateral restraints<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Modern housing design incorporates lateral restraints (metal straps that connect the masonry to the floors and roof) to prevent lateral outwards movement of the masonry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This, however, was not a requirement in older properties and while undertaking wall tie surveys<\/strong><\/a> we often see minor bulging of walls, where the building has moved over time. This can be controlled by the use of 12mm diameter stainless steel rods inserted from the outside and connecting to the first three parallel running joists, or in the case where joists bear into the affected wall \u2013 into joist noggins. The floor diaphragm thereafter \u2018ties\u2019 the wall back to the floor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An alternative method is to use cementitious grout anchors<\/strong><\/a>. These are anchors contained within an inflatable woven sock. Once installed, the sock is inflated by pumping cementitious grout, which causes the sock to expand and lock the walls to the floors.<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Lateral restraints are normally inserted at around 900mm horizontal centres, and once installed and neatly pointed, the holes are barely visible from a couple of metres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Crack stitching<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

If the movement of a wall causes cracks then the cause of these must obviously be investigated and a cure implemented. The resultant cracked masonry or mortar joint can be stabilised and strengthened by the use of stainless steel helical bars<\/a><\/strong>, set into the mortar joint with a cementitious grout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you would like to know more about these services, visit our Specialist Expertise Page<\/strong><\/a> or call us free<\/strong> on 0808 273 2138<\/strong><\/span>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The British Standard for wall ties \u2013 BS1243 was introduced in 1945 and was a \u2018prescriptive\u2019 standard \u2013 ie all ties had to conform to the approved design of the time, and the \u2018butterfly\u2019, \u2018double triangle\u2019 and \u2018fish-tail\u2019 were born. For cost saving, these were made from galvanised mild steel and it was only in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":15265,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_s2mail":"yes","footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[130,104,114,129],"class_list":["post-13153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-structural-repairs","tag-cavity-wall-tie","tag-structural-damage","tag-wall-tie","tag-wall-ties"],"yoast_head":"\nPeter Cox Blog: Structural Repairs | Expert Solutions<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Address structural repairs: Explore expert techniques and solutions to maintain the integrity of your property.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Peter Cox Blog: Structural Repairs | Expert Solutions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Address structural repairs: Explore expert techniques and solutions to maintain the integrity of your property.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Peter Cox Blog | Property Advice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-16T09:24:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-03-25T09:36:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/20190822_111858-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1440\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jake Ryan\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jake Ryan\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/\",\"name\":\"Peter Cox Blog: Structural Repairs | Expert Solutions\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/20190822_111858-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-16T09:24:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-03-25T09:36:31+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/b36bfb2d4bc7ae59bb0ae8d94c11bfc7\"},\"description\":\"Address structural repairs: Explore expert techniques and solutions to maintain the integrity of your property.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/20190822_111858-scaled.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/20190822_111858-scaled.jpg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1440,\"caption\":\"Surveyor inspecting wall for defects\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/structural-repairs\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Wall Ties and other Structural Repairs – A look at some of the methods of using wall ties for structural repairs\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.petercox.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Peter Cox Blog | Property Advice\",\"description\":\"Keep up to date with all the latest gossip, news and insight in the property preservation industry from the experts at Peter Cox. 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